Shingle-sawing machine



(No Model) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. J. PERKINS.

SHINGLE SAWING MAGHINE.

No. 342,534. Patented May 25, 1886.

NITED STATES PATENT Erica.

\VILLIS J. PERKINS, OF GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN.

SHlNGLE-SAWING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 342,534, dated May 25,1886.

Application filed June 8, 1885. Serial No. 168,028. (No model.)

To (tZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIS J. PERKINS, 0 Grand Rapids, in the county ofKent and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Shingle-Sawing Machines; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention,'such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in shingle-machines.

It is very desirable that shingles should be provided with beveledbutts, since the outer edge of the square-cut butt shades a portion ofthe underlying shingle and causes it to remain damp for a greater lengthof time than the remainder of the shingle after each rain or dew,thereby encouraging the growth of moss and forming a nucleus for decay.The fall of water from the upper onto the underlying shingle also tendsto wear away that portion of the shingle near the overlapping butt morerapidly than the remainder of the shingle. The square-cut butts alsoallow the wind to'get a stronger hold on them, and are more unsightlythan the beveled butts.

It is desirable that shingles should be out exactly equal in length,thereby obviating the following objections produced by their varying.Shingles of uneven lengths vary in thickness in a direct ratio accordingto the taper on which they are sawed, consequently producing spacesunderneath or unduly raising up the overlapping shingle. equal lengthsthe roof, if boarded solidly, may be lined off in advance of the workmenby the usual chalk-line mark, and'shingles all laid by their points, thebutt-s of necessity being on a straight line. Shingles have hithertobeen out with beveled butts and of equal length by means of rotarycutters, either alone or in combination with saws on power-feedshingle-machines. The objection, however, has been that when cutters ofsufficient thickness to give the required bevel are used in connectionwith hand-feed machines the drag or resistance, according to thedirection in which the cutters rotate, is so great that it either drawsthe carriage out of the grasp of the operator or prevents him frompushing it forward, except by the outlay of too much \Vith shingles ofstrength to make the working of the machine practicable.

The object of my present invention is to provide mechanism whereby theshingles may be cut of an exactly equal length and their butts beveledwithout producing a drag or resistance sufficient to materiallyinterfere with the sawyers labor in sliding the bolt to and from thesaw; a further object being to accomplish these results withoutmaterially increasing the cost of production; a further object being toprovide mechanism for the above purpose which shall be simple andcapable of ready adjustments for determining different lengths ofshingles and for taking up wear of saw.

\Vith these ends in view my invention consists in certain features ofconstruction and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafterdescribed, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view of the beveling andlength-equalizing mechanism in connection with a hand-feedshingle-machine. Fig. 2 is a crosssection of the machine, showing thebeveling-saws in their position on the cross-girt. Fig. 3 is a detachedview of one of the yokes carrying the saw-arbor, and Fig. 4 is adetached View of the horizontal slide for securing the yoke to the girt.Fig. 5 is a modification.

The shinglemachine shown herewith in connection with my improvedmechanism for beveling and equalizing thelengths of shingles is of thesingle-block hand-feed style shown and fully described in Letters PatentN o. 272,3l6, granted me February 13, 1883, and consists, essentially,of ahorizontal frame, A, supported at its front and rear ends byvertical legs B B, a horizontal circular saw, 0, having its arborjournaled in the cross-girders of the leg B, a bolt-carriage, D, adaptedto slide on suitable ways, E, formed integral with or secured to theframe A, a tilt-table, F, located beneath the sliding carriage D, andmechanism for operating the movable dog 6 on the bolt-carriage and fortilting the opposite sides of the tilt-table F at pleasure.

I find it convenient to use a third leg, G, located between the legs BB, and provided with a cross-girder, g, which forms a support at thesame time for one end of the tilt-table and for the beveling-saws.

The front face of the girder g is provided with broad, flat, horizontalways H, on which the adjusting-plates 71 are adapted to slide, and towhich the said plates h are secured in the desired horizontal adjustmentby means of clamp-screws I, extending through perforations i intheplates and through elongated slots t" in the girder.

To determine the horizontal adjustment of the plate It with greatexactness, I further provide the adj usting-screw K, which works in aforwardly-projecting lug, k, secured to the girder g, and impingesagainst the end of the sliding plate H. The outer faceof the plate H isprovided with an oblique groove, L, in which a tongue, m, on the face ofthe yokestem M is adapted to fit and slide. The yokestem M is providedwith a slot, m, elongated in the direction of the length of the grooveL, through which the above-mentioned clampscrew I extends, and serves tolock the yoke in the desired obliquely-sliding adjustment within thegroove L simultaneously with locking the plate H, and hence the yoke, inthe desired horizontal adjustment. An adjustingscrew, 1, works in a lug,L, secured to the lower cor.- ner of the plate H, and impinges against alug or shoulder, n, on the yoke-stem for the purpose of adjusting theyoke to compensate for wear of saw.

O is the arbor of the beveling-saw P. It is journaled in suitable boxes,0, secured to the ends ot'the yoke M, and has a position at right anglesto the length of the groove L. The obliquity of the saw P is thereforedetermined by the obliquity of the groove L.

Motion is imparted to the saws P from a transverse shaft, Q, journaledin brackets R, secured to the rear supporting-brackets B. The shaft Q isprovided with two band-pul leys, q, located near the sides of themachine, said pulleys being connected with corresponding pulleys, 1',secured on the arbors D of the bevel-saws ,by the belts S S. The pulleysq and 'r are sufficiently elongated to admit of the de sired adjustmentsof the bevelingsaws; or the pulleys q maybe horizontallyadjustable onthe shaft Q; or the shaft Q may be horizontally adjusted by the screws Bor vertically adjusted by the screws B to make the belt track. Any othermeans for adjusting these parts may be employed. One end of the shaft Qprojects beyond the side of the machine, and is provided with adrive-pulley, S, which is connected with a corresponding pulley on acounter-shaft. (Not shown.)

The beveling-saws P project above the face of the bolt resting on thetilt-table a distance equal to the thickness of the shingle to be cut,and as the bolt is slid toward the saw C the length of the shingle isdetermined by the cuts made in the lower face of the bolt by the smallsaws P I. As the saw 0 cuts the shingle from the bolt the butt and pointpieces which lie between the cuts on the saws P and the face of the boltis ready for another cut.

It is evident that the length of the shingle can be determined to thefinest degree of accuracy by the horizontal adjustments of the plates h,and that the wear of the saws P may be taken up and their depth of cutdetermined with accuracy by means of the sliding yokes M. It is furtherevident that the saws may be set to any desired angle or degree ofobliquity by a change in the obliquity of the groove L, or by soconstructing the way H and plate It that they may have a rotaryadjustment on the girder. It seems hardly necessary, however, to providefor an indefinite number of oblique adjustments for the saws, as themost advantageous angle can be determined beforehand and the groove Lcut to correspond; or, if two or th ree bevels are found desirable,interchangeable plates h, pro vided with grooves set at the approvedangles, may be employed and shifted with very little trouble and in avery short time.

As there are only two general directionsiu which a shingle-butt can bebeveled relatively to the plane .of a cross-section, it necessarilylimits the general directions of the sawarbors rection shown on accountof convenience in belting them to the driving-shaft. The support for thearbors 0 may be independent of the machine-supports and adapted to holdthe saws in the same position relative to the machine which they occupyin the present case, above explained. The bevel might be formed, also,by the use of a pair of thick bevel-faced saws or cutters located thelength of a shingle apart on a horizontal transverse shaft, or by a pairof rotary bevel-faced cutters secured on a pair of upright shafts placedat the proper distance apart. The objection, however, to these means forbeveliug is the same as that set forth in the early part of thisspecificationviz., the tendency to produce too much drag or too muchresistance to render them practicable.

A pair of cylindrical cutters secured on a pair of horizontal shafts, asshown in Fig. 5, might also be employed to give the butt a concave beveland determine its length, and while the drag and resistance would beless marked by'this construction the width of cut would necessarily beso great as to impede the progress of the bolt or require an unusuallyhigh rate of speed in the cutters, which would necessarily increase thefrictional wear.

It is evident that other modifications in the construction andarrangement of parts might be resorted to without departing from thespirit and scope of my invention; hence I do not wish to limit myselfstrictly to the construction herein set forth; but,

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a shingle-sawing machine, the combination, with a machine-frame, abolt-carriage, holding-dogs, and devices for determining the thicknessand taper of the shingle, of a saw .0. I find it convenient to set themin the di- IIO for cutting the shingle from the bolt, an inclined shaft,and an auxiliary saw secured to said inclined shaft for beveling theshinglebutt while the shingle bolt is moving, substantially as setforth.

2. In a shingle-sawing machine, the combination, with a machine-frame,asaw journaled in said frame for cutting the shingles from the bolt, abolt-carriage, and devices for determining the general form of theshingles, of two shafts arranged angularly in the shaft of the primarysaw, and an auxiliary saw secured to each shaft, the said auxiliary sawsadapted to bevel the butts and equalize the lengths of the shingles,substantially as set forth.'

3. In a shingle-sawing machine, the combination, with a machine-frame,asaw journaled in said frame for cutting the shingle from the bolt, aboltcarriage, and devices for determining the general form of theshingle, of a shaft set at an angle to the shaft of the primary saw, anauxiliary saw secured on said inclined shaft and arranged to bevel thebutts of the shingle, and mechanism for adjusting the shaft of theauxiliary saw horizontally, substantially as set forth.

4. In a shingle sawing machine, the combination, with a machine-frame, asaw arbor or shaft journaled therein, a saw secured to said shaft, abolt-carriage, and devices for determining the general form of theshingles, of an inclined shaft arranged at an angle to the shaft of theprimary saw, an auxiliary saw secured thereon, and devices forvertically adjusting the auxiliary saw.

5. In a shingle-sawing machine, the combination, with thesupporting-frame, bolt-carriage mounted thereon, a shaft or arbor, a sawsecured to said shaft or arbor, and means for determining the generalform of the shingle, of one or more inclined shafts set at an angle tothe shaft or arbor of the primary saw and located in advance of saidprimary saw, and an auxiliary saw secured to each inclined shaft andadapted to bevel the shingle-butt, substantially as set forth.

6. In a shingle-sawing machine, the combination, with a machine-frame, asaw shaft or arbor journaled therein, a saw secured on said arbor, and abolt-carriage, of one or more sawarbors arranged at an angle to theshaft of the primary saw and in advance of said primary saw, anauxiliary saw secured to each inclined shaft, and a driving-shaftjournaled in boxes secured to the machine-frame and connected to theshafts of the auxiliary saws, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

\VILLIS J. PERKINS. Witnesses:

ARTHUR O. DENISON,

FRED W. STEVENS.

